GENERACION DE IDEAS

BRAINSTORMING

Como parte de la generación de ideas, hicimos dos sesiones de Brainstorming de 5 minutos cada una, en las cuales obtuvimos los siguientes resultados:

SESION 1

-        Tornillo con resorte que se comprime al girar

-        Máquina térmica que aumente la temperatura del fluido

-        Pistón que comprime aire

-        Piedra que caiga y haga girar un eje

-        Agua del río con baldes que llenaran una represa

-        Compuerta que gira bomba y llena un tanque

-        Carro de niño que se carga en retroceso

-        Cama elástica que almacena en los resortes

-        Rueda que gire y se acople a mecanismo

-        Motor accionado por el viento

-        Bomba con tanque a presión manual

-        Columpio

-        Caja Amplificadora

-        Bicicleta que actúe como bomba

SESION 2

-        Pared solar que absorbe energía de día y entrega de noche

-        Columpio que rote que y cargue masa

-        Resortes de torsión

-        Caldera que use la presión del vapor

-        Pistón que comprime un gas encerrado

    

   Resumiendo todas las ideas en un mapa mental 

TRIZ

BIOMIMETICA

Es la ciencia que estudia a la naturaleza como fuente de inspiración, nuevas tecnologías innovadoras para resolver aquellos problemas humanos que la naturaleza ha resuelto, mediante los modelos de sistemas (mecánica), procesos (química) y elementos que imitan o se inspiran en ella.

               Aplicando esto a nuestro proyecto, vemos algunos sistemas de almacenamiento de energía de la naturaleza:

-        Tendons Store Energy: the tendons of tammar wallaby legs use energy efficiently by taking advantage of elastic energy storage.

Although most animals running across the ground exhibit an increase in energy cost as their speed increases, the hopping tammar wallaby can go faster without it costing more energy. Furthermore the female can carry the heavy load of the infant "joey" in her pouch without increasing her cost of locomotion. These remarkable feats are due to the use of elastic energy storage in the large tendons of its hind legs. During the leaping phase of the hop cycle, the wallaby’s forward movement represents a kinetic energy, and the gravitational pull back to the ground during the leaping phase is a form of potential energy. These energies transform into the elastic strain energy of stretching tendons (such as the gastrocnemius, plantaris, and extensor digitorum longus) when the foot hits the ground. That energy can then be recovered in the elastic recoil of those tendons that helps propel the wallaby back off the ground. As much as 90% of the energy stored in this elasticity can be recovered for such reuse. The faster the wallaby goes and the heavier the load, the more kinetic and potential energy that gets stored and recovered elastically, hence the cost of locomotion can be unchanged with speed or load over a normal range of speeds.

The use of elastic energy storage could be considered in the human design of all sorts of moving structures to increase energy efficiency. "Spring loaded locomotion" has been used in the design of the pogo stick and some prosthetic legs.

Photosynthetically inspired energy storage and artificial photosynthesis

The essence of photosynthesis is the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen. This is a complicated process, and researchers have grappled with it for some time. The Nocera lab has succeeded in identifying suitable catalysts that are cost effective, and 76% efficient using virtually any water source.

One major difference from existing products is that, according to MIT chemist Daniel Nocera, this technology has the potential to produce low-cost electricity for individual homes. The solar cell is about the size of a playing card and uses inexpensive materials like silicon and inexpensive catalysts like nickel and and cobalt. Placed in a gallon of water in bright sunlight, the device could produce enough electricity to supply a house in a developing country with electricity for a day.

Beak snaps shut: hummingbird

"The hummingbird beak, specialized for feeding on floral nectars, is also uniquely adapted to eating flying insects. During insect capture the beak often appears to close at a rate that cannot be explained by direct muscular action alone. Here we show that the lower jaw of hummingbirds has a shape and compliance that allows for a controlled elastic snap. Furthermore, hummingbirds have the musculature needed to independently bend and twist the sides of the lower jaw. According to both our simple physical model and our elastic instability calculation, the jaw can be smoothly opened and then snapped closed through an appropriate sequence of bending and twisting actions by the muscles of the lower jaw." (Smith et al. 2011:41)

Part of the trick lies in how the hummingbird's beak is built. While other insect-eating birds such as swifts and nighthawks have a cartilaginous hinge near the base of their beaks, hummingbird beaks are solid bone. They're also incredibly thin, so that the lower beaks are stiff yet springy. The researchers' mathematical model revealed that the downward bend of the hummingbird's lower beak puts stress on the bone, storing elastic energy which eventually powers its sudden snap closure. (From Smith 2011, EurekaAlert)